Qualitative Assessment of Table Salt Production Techniques in Southern Benin Republic, and Related Mangrove Destruction and Health Issues

Abstract

This research was conducted in the framework of the feasibility study related to FOCUSED-Benin project, the 5th work package of the YES-PV NIG BEN project financed by the German Government through its Ministry of Re search and High Education (BMBF). The FOCUSED Benin project’s major objective is to protect the environment through the utilization of solar energy for drying agricultural products and table salt harvesting. Salt is important in human daily life. It is used for conservation of food, softening water, indus trial processes, road de-icing, food seasoning, etc. Seawater evaporation, salt mining, and salt brine are the major sources of salt production worldwide. However, in West Africa, particularly in Benin Republic, table salt is pro duced using methods that negatively impact the ecology of the mangrove. This study aimed at investigating the current status of salt production in Be nin Republic, its impact on the mangrove and its related health issues. Field visits, meeting with associations of women salt producers in the coastal region of the country, allowed to quantify the number of women associations dealing with salt production, their difficulties, and the impacts on the mangrove. Salt isa seasonal activity and is produced from January to May. One kilogram salt production, along with health issues reported by salt producers, requires ap proximately 1 kg of firewood obtained by cutting down mangrove. Salt price varies from 250CFA (€0.38) to 400FCFA (€0.61) per kg depending on the season. The women salt producers are not aware of the ecological conse quences of mangrove destruction. Sources of firewood are becoming increa singly scarce and prices prohibitive. Sensitization is not efficient. An alterna tive method of harvesting salt by solar drying and new ideas for implement ing this activity in a participatory approach was discussed with the different associations of salt producers.