Conservation et effet larvicide des extraits de plantes locales utilisées pour le contrôle des vecteurs du paludisme dans le Sud-Est du Benin

Abstract

The use of substances of plant origin is an important component of biological control. The purpose of this study was to know the frequencies of use of the organs of the listed plants and their modes of application and to evaluate the effect of the extracts preserved for two years of some of them on mosquito larvae for the control of vectors of malaria in southeastern Benin. A survey was carried out and the insecticidal effects of preserved oils of Azadirachta indica, Cymbopogon nardus and Hyptis suaveolens on Anopheles gambiae larvae were studied. Data were analyzed using R software and the chi-square test was used to compare mortality rates. Three organs of the twelve (12) listed plants and three modes of their application have been known. A. indica, C. nardus, and H. suaveolens oils stored at 4°C induced respectively, mortality rates of 3%, 31.96%, and 7.92% in 2020, and 8.16%, 22.58% and 9% in 2022. These results show that a good conservation of these oils would be a path to control the population of malaria vectors in order to contribute to malaria elimination.