Profile and Prognosis of Retro Placental Hematoma Victims at the Regional University Associated Hospital of Borgou (CUAB) in Republic of Benin

Abstract

Objectives: Describe the prognosis and profile of the retro placental hematoma(RPH) at CUAB for a better organization of care. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study, carried out in the obstetric gynecology service of the CUAB over a 12-months period from January to December 2019. It focused on the complet medical records of patients. Were included pregnant in the third trimester in whom the diagnosis was made either by clinical examination and/or by ultrasound and confirmed by the presence of placental cups. Data entry and analysis were carried out by EPI Data and EPI Info software. Strict compliance with ethical rules and standards has been observed. Results: The RPH in 2019 represented 2,70 % of childbirth at CUAB. The RPH victims were young multiparous women, with an average age of 29 years, housewives, of Bariba or Dendi ethnicity with a history of preeclampsia, diabetes and sickle cell disease. They were referred for irregular uterine bleeding (97,8%), lumbar and pelvic pain (72,3%), suspected RPH (48,9%) or death in utero (46,8%). The clinical pictures were often typical and the forms with coagulation disorders represented (25,5%). Anemia was the main morbidity and found in 80% of cases. Prematurity (32-36 AW and 6 days) was 74,5%. The maternal case-fatality ratio was 6% and the perinatal case-fatality ratio was 68%. Neonatal mortality was proportional to the weight of the cups. Conclusion: Mortality from RPH was high in northern Benin. The victims were nulliparous or multiparous young people of Bariba or Dendi ethnicity with a history of vasculo-renal syndromes or referred diabetes.