Exploring Effective Strategies to Enhance 4Cs among EFL Learners in Beninese Secondary Schools

Abstract

Despite the recognized importance of the 4Cs (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity) in modern education, EFL learners in Benin often struggle to develop them due to traditional teaching methods. The objective of this research is to identify and evaluate innovative instructional strategies that promote the 4Cs in EFL contexts in Benin. A mixed-methods approach is utilized, involving online surveys, questionnaires addressed to EFL learners, interviews with EFL teachers as well as class observations across various secondary schools. Findings reveal that interactive activities, project-based learning, the use of technology, critical thinking exercises, cultural exchange programs, creative writing and arts, reflective practices, games and simulations, scaffolded instruction, and encouraging a growth mindset can significantly foster the 4Cs among Beninese EFL learners. The study suggests that teacher training programs should incorporate these strategies to better prepare EFL teaches for facilitating 21st-century skills to learners in the classroom.