Review on the Problematic of Salmonellosis and Interests of Traditional Herbs in

Abstract

Objective: Salmonellae are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria generally 2-5 microns long by 0.5-1.5 microns wide and motile by peritrichous flagella. Salmonella spp are among the group of bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae commonly known as enteric bacteria that live in gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals. Worldwide surveillance data has demonstrated an overall increase in antibiotic resistance among nontyphoid Salmonella, although significant geographical and serotype variability exist. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of salmonellosis has become more than compulsory nowadays especially with the new trend of antibiotic resistance and the effectiveness of the properties of these plants. The current study aimed to assess the importance of salmonellosis in Benin and the potentialities of treatment by medicinal plants. Materials and Methods: A systematic online search was performed whereby key-words such as “Salmonellae”, “Salmonellosis Benin”, “non-typhoidal salmonellosis”, “Medicinal plants Benin” and “traditional plants Benin” were entered in PubMed database, Google Scholar and www.google.bj. Obtained articles were included based on the reliability of their source, the study area (basically Benin and Africa) and the topic. Results: Host factors predisposing to severe non-typhoidal Salmonellae infection include reduced gastric acidity, impaired cell mediated and humoral immunity, and impaired phagocytic function. Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella can be associated with horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistant genes and with increased treatment failure and risk of invasive disease. Several scientists around the world have researched this matter and confirmed the antimicrobial properties of plants on bacterial infections mainly salmonellosis Conclusion: The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of salmonellosis has become more than compulsory nowadays especially with the new trend of antibiotic resistance and the effectiveness of the properties of these plants.