Comparative Study of Phenolic Compounds Leaflets and Ribs of Elaeis guineensis Jacq (Arecaceae) Extracts and Evaluation of their Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

The present study aims was to appreciate: the phytochemical composed, and compared the phenolic compound contents in aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of leaflets and rib of Elaeis guineensis and their antiradical activity. Qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of bioactive molecules. The total Polyphenolic compounds content in each of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of leaflets and rib of Elaeis guineensis was made by using colorimetric Folin Ciocalteur method; Antiradical capacity was made by using the DPPH method. Results from phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins (cathechic and gallic), anthocyanin, leuco- anthocyans, in Elaeis guineensis leaves. The ethyl acetate extracts of leaflets and rib showed the high potential antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, and flavonoid content. The high tannin content is showed in the ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts of leaflets but the high anthocyanin content is showed in the aqueous extracts of leaflets and rib. The important results obtained from this study can justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases: arterial hypertension, malaria.