ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF THE OKPARA UPPER POND AT NANON OUTFALL

Abstract

The environment of the upper field of Okpara River, which is concerned with this study has been facing a serious deterioration. The final goal is to determine the different elements of that deterioration and to evaluate the impact of the non-limited human-being actions on the environment. The technics of remote detection through satellite, especially interpretation and classification of pictures from Landsat 7 ETM+ of 2000 and Landsat 8 OLI of 2014 with simulation tools (Land Change Modeler of IDRISI Selva) have allowed analysis of the changes which happened and some projections on the horizon 2030. So the matrix of Léopold and model PEIR used for the study of impact environment. Agriculture, forest exploitation, carbonization and, to a little level, breeding, and hunting, are the main elements determined by the resident populations as the great reasons for vegetation deterioration; those reasons are amplified by population growth and climate changes. This causes a regression of the forests galleries and the clear forests and wooded savannas and forests dense. On the horizon 2030, the physiognomy of the basin will dominate by mosaics of fields and fallows (46%). To become natural courses in these Common remains alarming then if the current tendency is maintained.