CHEMICAL STUDY AND EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF TWO PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ON POLYPHENOLS EXTRACTION FROM CARAPA PROCERA LEAVES

Abstract

Background: Various specific biochemical properties of polyphenols are known and their study increasingly attracts the attention of scientists and researchers all over the world. But their extraction from the plant matrix is the major obstacle to their availability. Objective: Present work was carried out to study the extraction kinetic of bioactive polyphenols. Material and Methods: We evaluated the influence of two physical parameters, (particle size and temperature) on the bioactive polyphenols extraction kinetic from Carapa procera leaves. This plant is more known in Benin's traditional pharmacopoeia for the treatment of common affections. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several secondary metabolites such as saponins, coumarins, reducing sugars, combined anthraquinones and polyphenols (anthocyanins, catechic tannins and flavonoids). Carapa procera leaves contain very few leucoanthocyanins, proteins and alkaloids, while the mucilages and Gallic tannins aren’t detected. The ethanolic extraction on Carapa procera leaves gave a yield of 17.8% and a phenolic compounds content of 62.28 mg.g-1withanaverage antiradical power (IC50 = 0.16mg/mL) close to one of quercetin (IC50 = 0.1mg/mL). The granulometry’s influence evaluation revealed that the extraction solvent diffuses more easily inside the small particles for extracting polyphenols molecules. Considering the high cost implicated by the temperature application and the disintegration risk of the compounds extracted, 50°C might be according to our results, the optimal temperature for better extraction yield of polyphenols from Carapa procera leaves.