Assessment of the Degree of Surface and Ground water pollution in the Landfill area of Ouèssè-Ouidah South of Benin

Abstract

This work aims to assess the state of pollution of surface and groundwater in the middle of sanitary landfill of Ouèssè- Ouidah (South of Benin). To do this, physicochemical and microbiological parameters of surface water and ground water have been determined. The results obtained show that the oxygen chemical supply varies from 69.2 to 146 mg/L O2 for surface water and from 35.7 to 44.3 mg/L O2 for ground water. The contents of iron (> 300 μg/L) and total phosphorus (> 5 μg/L) reflect high levels in the several samples analyzed. Microbiological analysis shows that the samples of the lakes are contaminated with fecal bacteria especially by strains of Escherichia coli. This can be illustrated by the area 2 of the experimented lake which has a flora in Escherichia coli 100/mL. The well samples are the paucity of microbial amount, particularly well. But the samples of the other wells convey faecal flora as Klebsiella sp. Yet there is an abundant flora from one sample to another. It is the case of Lake (10800 cfu/mL), piezometer (9040 cfu/mL) and 13760 cfu/ml for the well. This abundant is due to food unsafety and lack of hygiene in the environment of these samples. The waters in the landfill mid- Ouèssè Ouidah should be protected from contamination that may impair their quality and thus limit their use