Prevalence and Risk Factors for Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Out Patients in A Care Center in Cotonou

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and its risk factors in type 2 diabetic outpatients. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, which included 146 diabetic out patients seen. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been accessed using Ankle-Brachial Index and Arterial Doppler Ultrasound . PAD was defined by an ABI value ≤ 0.9 in either of the legs Data management and analysis were performed using Epi-Info software. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The overall prevalence of peripheral arterial disease was 62.3%. Factors statistically associated with peripheral arterial disease were age (p=0.009), duration of diabetes greater than 10 years (p=0.006) and presence of peripheral neuropathy (p=0.0005). Conclusion: The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease is high in type 2 diabetic outpatients. A systematic screening and suitable management should be done in order to prevent cardiovascular events often associated.